% url.sty ver 1.2 19-Oct-1996 Donald Arseneau asnd@triumf.ca % % A form of \verb that allows linebreaks at certain characters or % combinations of characters, accepts reconfiguration, and can usually % be used in the argument to another command. It is intended for email % addresses, hypertext links, directories/paths, etc., which normally % have no spaces. The font may be selected using the \urlstyle command, % and new url-like commands can be defined using \urldef. % % Usage: Conditions: % \url{ } If the argument contains any "%", "#", or "^^", or ends with % "\", it can't be used in the argument to another command. % The argument must not contain unbalanced braces. % \url| | ...where "|" is any character not used in the argument and not % "{". The same restrictions as above except that the argument % may contain unbalanced braces. % \xyz for "\xyz" a defined-url; this can be used anywhere, no matter % what characters it contains. % % See further instructions after "\endinput" % \def\Url@ttdo{% style assignments for tt fonts or T1 encoding \def\UrlBreaks{\do\.\do\@\do\\\do\/\do\!\do\_\do\|\do\%\do\;\do\>\do\]% \do\)\do\,\do\?\do\'\do\+\do\=}% \def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do@url@hyp}% \def\UrlNoBreaks{\do\(\do\[\do\{\do\<}% (unnecessary) \def\UrlSpecials{\do\ {\ }}% \def\UrlOrds{\do\*\do\-\do\~}% any ordinary characters that aren't usually } \def\Url@do{% style assignments for OT1 fonts except tt \def\UrlBreaks{\do\.\do\@\do\/\do\!\do\%\do\;\do\]\do\)\do\,\do\?\do\+\do\=}% \def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do@url@hyp}% \def\UrlNoBreaks{\do\(\do\[\do\{}% prevents breaks after *next* character \def\UrlSpecials{\do\<{\langle}\do\>{\mathbin{\rangle}}\do\_{\_% \penalty\@m}\do\|{\mid}\do\{{\lbrace}\do\}{\mathbin{\rbrace}}\do \\{\mathbin{\backslash}}\do\~{\mathord{{}^{\textstyle\sim}}}\do\ {\ }}% \def\UrlOrds{\do\'\do\"\do\-}% } \def\url@ttstyle{% \@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\tt}}{\def\UrlFont{\ttfamily}}\Url@ttdo } \def\url@rmstyle{% \@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\rm}}{\def\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}\Url@do } \def\url@sfstyle{% \@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\sf}}{\def\UrlFont{\sffamily}}\Url@do } \def\url@samestyle{\ifdim\fontdimen\thr@@\font=\z@ \url@ttstyle \else \url@rmstyle \fi \def\UrlFont{}} \@ifundefined{strip@prefix}{\def\strip@prefix#1>{}}{} \@ifundefined{verbatim@nolig@list}{\def\verbatim@nolig@list{\do\`}}{} \def\Url{\relax\ifmmode\@nomatherr$\fi \UrlFont $\fam\z@ \textfont\z@\font \let\do\@makeother \dospecials % verbatim catcodes \catcode`{\@ne \catcode`}\tw@ % except braces \medmuskip0mu \thickmuskip\medmuskip \thinmuskip\medmuskip \@tempcnta\fam\multiply\@tempcnta\@cclvi \let\do\set@mathcode \UrlOrds % ordinary characters that were special \advance\@tempcnta 8192 \UrlBreaks % bin \advance\@tempcnta 4096 \UrlBigBreaks % rel \advance\@tempcnta 4096 \UrlNoBreaks % open \let\do\set@mathact \UrlSpecials % active \let\do\set@mathnolig \verbatim@nolig@list % prevent ligatures \@ifnextchar\bgroup\Url@z\Url@y} \def\Url@y#1{\catcode`{11 \catcode`}11 \def\@tempa##1#1{\Url@z{##1}}\@tempa} \def\Url@z#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\Url@Hook \expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa\UrlRight\m@th$\endgroup} \def\Url@Hook{\UrlLeft} \let\UrlRight\@empty \let\UrlLeft\@empty \def\set@mathcode#1{\count@`#1\advance\count@\@tempcnta\mathcode`#1\count@} \def\set@mathact#1#2{\mathcode`#132768 \lccode`\~`#1\lowercase{\def~{#2}}} \def\set@mathnolig#1{\ifnum\mathcode`#1<32768 \lccode`\~`#1\lowercase{\edef~{\mathchar\number\mathcode`#1_{\/}}}% \mathcode`#132768 \fi} \def\urldef#1#2{\begingroup \setbox\z@\hbox\bgroup \def\Url@z{\Url@def{#1}{#2}}#2} \expandafter\ifx\csname DeclareRobustCommand\endcsname\relax \def\Url@def#1#2#3{\m@th$\endgroup\egroup\endgroup \def#1{#2{#3}}} \else \def\Url@def#1#2#3{\m@th$\endgroup\egroup\endgroup \DeclareRobustCommand{#1}{#2{#3}}} \fi \def\urlstyle#1{\csname url@#1style\endcsname} % Sample (and default) configuration: % \newcommand\url{\begingroup \Url} % \newcommand\path{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url} % % too many styles define \email like \address, so I will not define it. % \newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url} % Process LaTeX \package options % \urlstyle{tt} \let\Url@sppen\@M \def\do@url@hyp{}% by default, no breaks after hyphens \@ifundefined{ProvidesPackage}{}{ \ProvidesPackage{url}[1996/10/19 \space ver 1.2 \space Verb mode for urls, email addresses, and file names] \DeclareOption{hyphens}{\def\do@url@hyp{\do\-}}% allow breaks after hyphens \DeclareOption{obeyspaces}{\let\Url@Hook\relax}% a flag for later \DeclareOption{spaces}{\let\Url@sppen\relpenalty} \DeclareOption{T1}{\let\Url@do\Url@ttdo} \ProcessOptions \ifx\Url@Hook\relax % [obeyspaces] was declared \def\Url@Hook#1\UrlRight\m@th{\edef\@tempa{\noexpand\UrlLeft \Url@retain#1\Url@nosp\, }\@tempa\UrlRight\m@th} \def\Url@retain#1 {#1\penalty\Url@sppen\ \Url@retain} \def\Url@nosp\,#1\Url@retain{} \fi } \endinput % % url.sty ver 1.2 19-Oct-1996 Donald Arseneau asnd@reg.triumf.ca % % This package defines "\url", a form of "\verb" that allows linebreaks, % and can often be used in the argument to another command. It can be % configured to print in different formats, and is particularly useful for % hypertext links, email addresses, directories/paths, etc. The font may % be selected using the "\urlstyle" command and pre-defined text can be % stored with the "\urldef" command. New url-like commands can be defined, % and a "\path" command is provided this way. % % Usage: Conditions: % \url{ } If the argument contains any "%", "#", or "^^", or ends with % "\", it can't be used in the argument to another command. % The argument must not contain unbalanced braces. % \url| | ...where "|" is any character not used in the argument and not % "{". The same restrictions as above except that the argument % may contain unbalanced braces. % \xyz for "\xyz" a defined-url; this can be used anywhere, no matter % what characters it contains. % % The "\url" command is fragile, and its argument is likely to be very % fragile, but a defined-url is robust. % % Package Option: obeyspaces % Ordinarily, all spaces are ignored in the url-text. The "[obeyspaces]" % option allows spaces, but may introduce spurious spaces when a url % containing "\" characters is given in the argument to another command. % So if you need to obey spaces you can say "\usepackage[obeyspaces]{url}", % and if you need both spaces and backslashes, use a `defined-url' for % anything with "\". % % Package Option: hyphens % Ordinarily, breaks are not allowed after "-" characters because this % leads to confusion. (Is the "-" part of the address or just a hyphen?) % The package option "[hyphens]" allows breaks after explicit hyphen % characters. The "\url" command will *never ever* hyphenate words. % % Package Option: spaces % Likewise, breaks are not usually allowed after spaces under the % "[obeyspaces]" option, but giving the options "[obeyspaces,spaces]" % will allow breaks at those spaces. % % Package Option: T1 % This signifies that you will be using T1-encoded fonts which contain % some characters missing from most older (OT1) encoded TeX fonts. This % changes the default definition for "\urlstyle{rm}". % % Defining a defined-url: % Take for example the email address "myself%node@gateway.net" which could % not be given (using "\url" or "\verb") in a caption or parbox due to the % percent sign. This address can be predefined with % \urldef{\myself}\url{myself%node@gateway.net} or % \urldef{\myself}\url|myself%node@gateway.net| % and then you may use "\myself" instead of "\url{myself%node@gateway.net}" % in an argument, and even in a moving argument like a caption because a % defined-url is robust. % % Style: % You can switch the style of printing using "\urlstyle{tt}", where "tt" % can be any defined style. The pre-defined styles are "tt", "rm", "sf", % and "same" which all allow the same linebreaks but different fonts -- % the first three select a specific font and the "same" style uses the % current text font. You can define your own styles with different fonts % and/or line-breaking by following the explanations below. The "\url" % command follows whatever the currently-set style dictates. % % Alternate commands: % It may be desireable to have different things treated differently, each % in a predefined style; e.g., if you want directory paths to always be % in tt and email addresses to be rm, then you would define new url-like % commands as follows: % % \newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url} % \newcommand\directory{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url} % % You must follow this format closely, and NOTE that the final command is % "\Url", not "\url". In fact, the "\directory" example is exactly the % "\path" definition which is pre-defined in the package. If you look % above, you will see that "\url" is defined with % \newcommand\url{\begingroup \Url} % I.e., using whatever url-style has been selected. % % You can make a defined-url for these other styles, using the usual % "\urldef" command as in this example: % % \urldef{\myself}{\email}{myself%node.domain@gateway.net} % % which makes "\myself" act like "\email{myself%node.domain@gateway.net}", % if the "\email" command is defined as above. The "\myself" command % would then be robust. % % Defining styles: % Before describing how to customize the printing style, it is best to % mention something about the unusual implementation of "\url". Although % the material is textual in nature, and the font specification required % is a text-font command, the text is actually typeset in *math* mode. % This allows the context-sensitive linebreaking, but also accounts for % the default behavior of ignoring spaces. Now on to defining styles. % % To change the font or the list of characters that allow linebreaks, you % could redefine the commands "\UrlFont", "\UrlBreaks", "\UrlSpecials" etc. % directly in the document, but it is better to define a new `url-style' % (following the example of "\url@ttstyle" and "\url@rmstyle") which defines % all of "\UrlBigbreaks", "\UrlNoBreaks", "\UrlBreaks", "\UrlSpecials", and % "\UrlFont". % % Changing font: % The "\UrlFont" command selects the font. The definition of "\UrlFont" % done by the pre-defined styles varies to cope with a variety of LaTeX % font selection schemes, but it could be as simple as "\def\UrlFont{\tt}". % Depending on the font selected, some characters may need to be defined % in the "\UrlSpecials" list because many fonts don't contain all the % standard input characters. % % Changing linebreaks: % The list of characters that allow line-breaks is given by "\UrlBreaks" % and "\UrlBigBreaks", which have the format "\do\c" for character "c". % The differences are that `BigBreaks' have a lower penalty and have % different breakpoints when in sequence (as in "http://"): `BigBreaks' % are treated as mathrels while `Breaks' are mathbins (see The TeXbook, % p.170). In particular, a series of `BigBreak' characters will break at % the end and only at the end; a series of `Break' characters will break % after the first and after every following *pair*; there will be no % break after a `Break' character if a `BigBreak' follows. In the case % of "http://" it doesn't matter whether ":" is a `Break' or `BigBreak' -- % the breaks are the same in either case; but for DECnet nodes with "::" % it is important to prevent breaks *between* the colons, and that is why % colons are `BigBreaks'. % % It is possible for characters to prevent breaks after the next following % character (I use this for parentheses). Specify these in "\UrlNoBreaks". % % You can do arbitrarily complex things with characters by making them % active in math mode (mathcode hex-8000) and specifying the definition(s) % in "\UrlSpecials". This is used in the rm and sf styles for OT1 font % encoding to handle several characters that are not present in those % computer-modern style fonts. See the definition of "\Url@do", which % is used by both "\url@rmstyle" and "\url@sfstyle"; it handles missing % characters via "\UrlSpecials". The nominal format for setting each % special character "c" is: "\do\c{}", but you can include % other definitions too. % % % If all this sounds confusing ... well, it is! But I hope you won't need % to redefine breakpoints -- the default assignments seem to work well for % a wide variety of applications. If you do need to make changes, you can % test for breakpoints using regular math mode and the characters "+=(a". % % Yet more flexibility: % You can also customize the verbatim text by defining "\UrlRight" and/or % "\UrlLeft", e.g., for ISO formatting of urls surrounded by "< >", define % % \renewcommand\url{\begingroup \def\UrlLeft{}% % \urlstyle{tt}\Url} % % The meanings of "\UrlLeft" and "\UrlRight" are *not* reproduced verbatim. % This lets you use formatting commands there, but you must be careful not % to use TeX's special characters ("\^_%~#$&{}" etc.) improperly. % You can also define "\UrlLeft" to reprocess the verbatim text, but the % format of the definition is special: % % \def\UrlLeft#1\UrlRight{ ... do things with #1 ... } % % Yes, that is "#1" followed by "\UrlRight" then the definition. For % example, to put a hyperTeX hypertext link in the DVI file: % % \def\UrlLeft#1\UrlRight{\special{html:}#1\special{html:}} % % Revision History: % ver 1.1 6-Feb-1996: % Fix hyphens that wouldn't break and ligatures that weren't suppressed. % ver 1.2 19-Oct-1996: % Package option for T1 encoding; Hooks: "\UrlLeft" and "\UrlRight". % % The End